Trivia: Low-budget company PRC's late entry in the Singing Cowboy sweepstakes, Eddie Dean (born Glosup) had gained some recognition as a singer on the popular National Barn Dance radio program back in 1934 and was later a featured performer on Gene Autry's Melody Ranch and the Judy Canova Show. It was Autry who offered Dean a chance for a movie career. The year was 1938 and the film was Western Jamboree. For the next eight years the rather gawky-looking singer would play supporting roles in scores of low-budget westerns, appearing in five Hopalong Cassidy Westerns (1939-1940) and the serial The Lone Ranger Rides Again (1939). Ironically, Dean was not asked to sing until Harmony Trail (1944), a Ken Maynard Western in which he appeared as himself and performed his own "On the Banks of the Sunny San Juan" and "Boogie Woogie Cowboy." That brought him to the attention of PRC, who was without a singing cowboy star to compete with Republic's Gene Autry and Roy Rogers. The ramshackle little studio certainly believed in his potential, releasing the initial five Eddie Dean music westerns in Cinecolor and thus making Dean the star of the first B-western series in color. Old-timer Emmett Lynn was cast as comic relief and the studio also added the black-garbed Al La Rue, a Humphrey Bogart lookalike destined for B-Western stardom himself. Rather homely in appearance, Dean nevertheless performed well in fights and looked comfortable on a series of ever-changing equine co-stars. Dean later explained that he changed horses often in order never to be upstaged by his four-footed sidekick. Dean's crooning of his own western ballads was of course always one of the films' main selling points, but it wasn't the only one and Dean soon garnered a following among less demanding Western fans. Part of the success may be attributed to the presence of stammering Roscoe Ates, who had replaced Emmett Lynn and would become Dean's best remembered sidekick. Of Dean's films, at least one stands out in the crowded field of low-budget westerns: The Hawk of Powder River (1948), which had a girl villain (Jennifer Holt, whom Dean is forced to kill. In 1946, Dean and Ates appeared in the supporting cast of PRC's Down Missouri Way (1946), the singing cowboy's only non-western until his final film, Varieties on Parade (1951). Mainly due to budget constraints, Eddie Dean never really came close to rivaling the success of Gene Autry and Roy Rogers -- nor indeed the popularity of his non-singing PRC colleague Al La Rue. He continued as a prolific country & western performer and also contributed songs to other artists including "One Has My Name, the Other Has My Heart", a hit for Jimmy Wakely, and "I Dreamed of a Hill Billy Heaven", which became one of Tex Ritter's most successful recordings. In 1978, Eddie Dean received a "Pioneer Award" by the Academy of Country Music and was inducted into the Western Music Association's "Hall of Fame" in 1990. In his last years, Dean was a frequent and very welcome guest at B-Western memorabilia shows.

Trivia: Mississippi-born Roscoe Ates spent a good portion of his childhood overcoming a severe stammer. Entering show business as a concert violinist, the shriveled, pop-eyed Ates found the money was better as a vaudeville comedian, reviving his long-gone stutter for humorous effect. In films from 1929, Ates appeared in sizeable roles in such films as The Champ (1931), Freaks (1932) and Alice in Wonderland (1933), and also starred in his own short subject series with RKO and Vitaphone. Though his trademarked stammer is something of an endurance test when seen today, it paid off in big laughs in the 1930s, when speech impediments were considered the ne plus ultra of hilarity. By the late 1930s Ates's popularity waned, and he was reduced to unbilled bits in such films as Gone with the Wind (1939) and Dixie (1942). His best showing during the 1940s was as comic sidekick to singing cowboy Eddie Dean in a series of 15 low-budget westerns. Remaining busy in films and on TV into the 1960s, Roscoe Ates made his last appearance in the 1961 Jerry Lewis comedy The Errand Boy.

Trivia: Canadian-born, Los Angeles-reared, Shirley Patterson was voted "Miss California of 1940," as good an entry into films as any at the time. She contracted with Columbia in 1942 and was assigned the female lead opposite Lewis Wilson in the 15-chapter serial Batman the following year. Like so many other starlets, Patterson lent her blonde beauty to all kinds of low-budget fare, from Three Stooges comedies to B-Westerns with Russell Hayden and Charles Starrett, all part of a grooming regimen that also included walk-ons in such major fare as Joan Crawford's They All Kissed the Bride (1942) and Jean Arthur's The More the Merrier (1943). When the studio dropped her option, she moved over to low-budget PRC for a series of Eddie Dean oaters. Retiring to raise a family in 1947, Patterson surprisingly resurfaced in the mid-'50s, co-starring in such sci-fi classics as World Without End (1956), The Land Unknown (1957), and It! The Terror from Beyond Space (1958), under the name Shawn Smith. She also did her fair share of television, including Bachelor Father, Wyatt Earp, and Passport to Danger, and later did volunteer work with the John Tracy Clinic for the hearing impaired, a hospital founded by her good friend Spencer Tracy.

Trivia: A tough-looking character actor in Grade-Z Westerns of the 1940s, Terry Frost's screen career was highly affected by a role he didn't get to play. In 1945, Frost, who had been portraying henchmen in Westerns since 1941, was signed to star the title role in Dillinger, a low-budget but highly publicized melodrama depicting the exploits of real life gangster and Public Enemy Number One, John Dillinger. The proposed screenplay, however, came in for intense scrutiny by the Production Code censors and when the cameras finally rolled, the part had been re-cast with newcomer Lawrence Tierney, who thus embarked on a long and profitable career portraying public enemies. Frost, in contrast, returned to the realm of low-budget oaters, laboring rather anonymously in countless Western melodramas for also-ran studios Monogram and PRC. He was even busier on television in the 1950s, appearing in seemingly every Western series ever produced, from The Gene Autry Show to Gunsmoke to Rawhide. In his later years, the erstwhile vaudevillian and coffee shop owner became a popular guest speaker at various B-Western conventions, where he would reminisce about everyone from Johnny Mack Brown to Whip Wilson. His death was attributed to a heart attack.

Trivia: From his first film appearance in 1946 until his retirement sometime in the late 1960s, the wizened, rusty-voiced actor William Fawcett specialized in cantankerous farmers, grizzled old prospectors and Scroogelike millionaires. He worked frequently at Columbia, appearing in that studio's quota of "B" westerns and Arabian Nights quickies, as well as such serials as The Adventures of Sir Galahad (1949), in which he played the juicy bad-guy role of Merlin the Magician. Though occasionally seen in sizeable parts in "A" pictures--he played Andy Griffith's septuagenarian father in No Time For Sergeants (1957)--Fawcett's appearances in big-budgeters frequently went unbilled, as witness The Music Man (1962) and What a Way to Go (1964). Baby boomers will fondly recall William Fawcett as ranch-hand Pete ("who cut his teeth on a brandin' iron") in the Saturday-morning TV series Fury (1956-60).

Trivia: American actor Lane Bradford spent most of his film career in westerns - and in so doing carried on the tradition of his father, veteran sagebrush villain John Merton. Breaking into movies in bit parts, Bradford's first verified screen role was in 1946's Silver Range. He came a bit too late to flourish in B westerns (which died out in 1954), but Bradford essayed cowpoke roles, usually menacing in nature, until 1968. Once in a while, Bradford would venture far afield from the Old West - notably as the Martian villain Marex in the 1952 Republic serial Zombies of the Stratosphere. Lane Bradford retired to Hawaii shortly after completing his last film, Journey to Shiloh (1968).

Trivia: A tough-looking, often mustachioed supporting player in B-Westerns of the 1940s, Lee Morgan could portray lawmen and thugs with equal conviction. Morgan's career lasted well into the television Western era where he added such programs as The Cisco Kid and The Gene Autry Show to his long list of credits. He should not be confused with the legendary African-American jazz musician of the same name.

Trivia: In films from 1932, actor/stunt man Eddie Parker spent the better part of his career at Universal. Parker doubled for most of Universal's horror stars, especially Lon Chaney Jr: rumors still persist that it was Parker, and not Chaney, who actually starred in the studio's Mummy pictures of the 1940s. He also performed stunts for many of Universal's A-list actors, including John Wayne. In the 1950s, he doubled for Boris Karloff in Abbott and Costello Meet Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1953), and played at least one of the title characters in Abbott and Costello Meet the Mummy (1955). His long association with Universal ended when he walked off the set of 1955's This Island Earth (in which he'd been cast as the "head mutant") during a salary dispute; he made one last return to the studio as one of the gladiators in Spartacus (1960). In addition to his Universal duties, Parker worked as both an actor and stunter in virtually every Republic serial made during the 1940s and 1950s. Eddie Parker died of a heart attack shortly after staging a comedic fight sequence on TV's The Jack Benny Program.

Trivia: If the heroine's father, the town doctor, or storekeeper wasn't played by Lafe McKee or John Elliott, chances are that he would be portrayed by the equally distinguished-looking, gray-haired Steve Clark, whose B-Western credits reached an impressive 250 and whose career continued well into the 1950s in such television Westerns as The Range Rider, The Cisco Kid, and The Lone Rider. But unlike McKee and Elliott, Clark was just as often to be found on the wrong side of the law and he can be spotted playing "dog heavies" well into his fifties. A well-known actor-manager prior to entering films in the early 1930s, Clark both directed and starred in The Blue Ghost (1930), a Broadway play featuring Leslie King which enjoyed a respectable run of 112 performances.

Trivia: Actor Tex Palmer was busy in films from 1932 to 1947. Spending his entire career in B-Westerns, Palmer played bits and minor roles in the films of such sagebrush favorites as John Wayne and Ray "Crash" Corrigan. From 1937 to 1939, he showed up in six of singing cowboy Tex Ritter's vehicles for Grand National Pictures. Tex Palmer was particularly active at PRC Studios in the 1940s, appearing in the company's Billy the Kid, Lone Rider, Frontier Marshal, Buster Crabbe, and Eddie Dean series.

Trivia: Someone once called American supporting actor Charles "Slim" Whitaker a "no good yellow-bellied polecat," and that is as good a description as any for this paunchy, mustachioed gent, a former stage manager and stock company actor from Kansas City, MO. Whitaker's screen career was spent almost entirely in B-Westerns, where he would skulk around as lazy ranch hands, tobacco-chewing henchmen, Mexican "half-breeds," and even the occasional corrupt lawman. More versatile than most Western supporting players, Whitaker was adept at comedy as well, and was humorously billed "Slender" Whitaker in 1925's Border Intrigue, in which he played a comedic Mexican bandito. Whitaker, who made his screen bow around 1925, was busiest in the 1930s, appearing in over 25 films in 1935 alone! He continued in pictures through the late '40s, but spent his final years working as a short-order cook in a Hollywood coffee shop.

Trivia: One of the many unheralded stuntmen of the 1930s, '40s, and '50s, Carl Mathews (born Carl Davis Mathews) doubled cowboy crooner Fred Scott at Spectrum and Ray "Crash" Corrigan at Republic. Nicknamed "Cherokee" and of Native American heritage, the burly Mathews later supported Al "Lash" LaRue at PRC, usually playing henchmen. His career lasted well into the television era.

Trivia: One of the most popular, and recognizable, character actors in B-Western history, pudgy, mustachioed Bud Osborne (real name Leonard Miles Osborne) was one of the many Wild West show performers who parlayed their experiences into lengthy screen careers. Especially noted for his handling of runaway stagecoaches and buckboards, Osborne began as a stunt performer with Thomas Ince's King-Bee company around 1912, and by the 1920s he had become one of the busiest supporting players in the business. Rather rakish-looking in his earlier years, the still slender Osborne even attempted to become a Western star in his own right. Produced by the Bud Osborne Feature Film Company and released by low-budget Truart Pictures, The Prairie Mystery (1922) presented Osborne as a romantic leading man opposite B-movie regular Pauline Curley. Few saw this little clunker, however, and Osborne quickly returned to the ranks of supporting cowboys, often portraying despicable villains with names like Satan Saunders, Piute Sam, or Bull McKee. Playing an escaped convict masquerading as a circuit rider in both the 1923 Leo Maloney short Double Cinched and Shootin' Square, a 1924 Jack Perrin feature Western, Osborne even demonstrated an affinity for comedy. The now veteran Bud Osborne continued his screen career into the sound era and became even busier in the 1930s and 1940s. As he grew older and his waistline expanded, Osborne's roles became somewhat smaller and instead of calling the shots himself, as he often had in the silent era, he now answered to the likes of Roy Barcroft and Charles King. But he seems to pop up in every other B-Western and serial released in those years, appearing in more than 65 productions for Republic Pictures alone. By the 1950s, the now elderly Osborne became one of the many veteran performers courted by maverick filmmaker Edward D. Wood Jr., for whom he did Crossroad Avenger: The Adventures of the Tucson Kid (1954), an unsold television pilot, Jailbait (1954), Bride of the Monster (1955), and Night of the Ghouls (1958). When all is said and done, it was a rather dismal finish to a colorful career.

Trivia: A typical B-Western "dog heavy," burly Chick Hannon almost never received onscreen billing and was more often than not merely observed scowling in the background, an anonymous member of the gang. A rare exception was the 1934 Jack Randall/Monogram oater Stars Over Arizona, in which his character actually had a name: Yucca Bill. But he was still a henchman, a member of Warner Richmond's Tuba City gang. Hannon had begun turning up in westerns and serials in the mid-'30s and would go on to appear in nearly 200 films before his retirement in the late '50s.

Trivia: With his articulate speech patterns and his wide range of facial nuances, George Cheseboro was a cut above the usual western supporting player. He began his career with a stock company in 1907; three years later, he toured the Orient with another acting troupe. Vaudeville experience followed, and then in 1915 Cheseboro made his first motion picture. With 1918's Hands Up, Cheseboro became a popular serial star, extending his repertoire to western leads after serving in World War I. Though his star had faded by the time talkies arrived, Cheseboro prospered as a character actor in the many "B" westerns clogging the market in the 1930s, usually playing a scuzzy henchman, barroom bully or lynch-happy bystander. One of the actor's most satisfying screen moments occurred in the 1950 Roy Rogers feature Trail of Robin Hood. The climax contrives to have several popular western stars ride on the scene to rescue movie-star-turned-rancher Jack Holt from rustlers. As Allan Lane, Rex Allen, Monte Hale et. al. greet each other effusively, Cheseboro rides up to offer his help--whereupon he is roundly snubbed. A little girl steps out of the crowd to reprimand Cheseboro for spending his cinematic career on the wrong side of the law. "I know, honey," replies George Cheseboro with a warm smile. "But after being beaten up by Jack Holt in twenty pictures, he's reformed me!"

Trivia: Perhaps the strangest Western hero of them all -- certainly the most difficult to pin down -- Denver Dixon was born Victor Adamson in Kansas City, MO, but raised in New Zealand. A trick rider and roper, he returned to the U.S. with what amounted to a home movie in the late 1910s and actually managed to find a distributor. Stardom, however, proved elusive and the would-be actor decided to continue making his own Western productions. Sometime in the early '20s, Adamson/Dixon invented the character of Art Mix which he periodically played himself but usually offered to one George Kesterson (who was credited as Art Mix, to further confuse the matter) and, on at least one occasion, to a rodeo rider named Bob Roberts. When Tom Mix not unexpectedly filed an infringement suit, Dixon hired a real person named Arthur J. Mix (whom he reportedly found in the Los Angeles phone book) to front his company. Tom Mix thus had no case and production of the Art Mix films continued. Kesterson and Dixon had a falling out sometime in the late '20s, but despite Dixon's attempts to prohibit the use of the name, Kesterson continued to appear as Art Mix for the remainder of his career. Confusingly, at one point there were not one but two Art Mixes appearing in low-budget oaters. Distributed on states rights, the Dixon Art Mix Westerns continued into the sound era but remained near the bottom of the Hollywood filmmaking barrel. In the 1930s, Dixon attempted to turn stunt man Wally West into a star under the name Tom Wynn, while he himself co-starred as Art James. The result, Desert Mesa (1936), was on par with Dixon's usual output -- cheap, dusty-looking and filled with anachronisms -- and there were not many takers. Dixon refrained from starring himself after 1938's Mormon Conquest but remained a fixture on the fringe of the industry almost until his death from a heart attack. His son, Al Adamson, who sometimes acted under the alias Rick Adams, carried on the family tradition, acting in, directing, and producing very low-budget genre films. Al Adamson (who was born in 1929) was found murdered (and buried) outside his home in Indio, CA. in August 1995. The culprit was apparently a contractor hired to refurbish the house.

Trivia: One of the busiest performers in the history of B-westerns, mustachioed Jack Evans appeared in at least 220 oaters and a dozen or so serials in the sound era alone. Onscreen from the early '20s, Evans was very visible in the 1930s, almost always playing one of the villain's sloppy-looking, ornery, and altogether unpleasant-to-be-around henchmen. His hair and mustache graying, Evans remained in westerns until the late '40s but could by then usually be found in the saloon, merely observing the hectic goings-on from the sidelines instead of being an active participant.