Trivia: One of the most dynamic of the '60s "new wave" of African-American actors, Raymond St. Jacques had originally intended to become a social worker. Thankfully, he did not allow his richly theatrical voice and imposing physique to go to waste, and decided upon an acting career, specializing in Shakespeare. Whenever "at liberty", which was often in the mid '50s, St. Jacques was obliged to take the menial jobs then open to black males; his theatrical career picked up momentum after he underwent training at New York's Actors Studios. His big break was in the ongoing off-Broadway production of Jean Genet's The Blacks, a play that boosted the careers of virtually all the major African-American actors of the early '60s. While roles were still comparatively scarce for non-white performers, St. Jacques did quite well for himself in feature films (Black Like Me [1964], The Pawnbroker [1965], The Green Berets [1967], Cotton Comes to Harlem [1970]) and as a TV guest star. In 1973, St. Jacques produced, directed and starred in The Book of Numbers, a minor but lively film about a pair of black confidence men in the South of the '30s. One of his last assignments was as Frederick Douglass in the 1989 historical drama Glory; his agent was unable to negotiate proper billing, so St. Jacques willingly played the role sans screen credit. Raymond St. Jacques died at age 60 of cancer of the lymph glands.

Trivia: African-American stage, film, and TV luminary Ruby Dee was born in Cleveland, the daughter of a Pullman-porter father and schoolteacher mother. While growing up in Harlem, Dee developed an interest in the theater. In 1941, she began studying under Morris Carnovsky at the American Negro Theatre. While attending Hunter College, she made her first professional stage appearance in South Pacific (not the Rodgers and Hammerstein musical, but a short-lived 1943 drama). On Broadway from 1946, Dee's first major success was as the title character in Anna Lucasta. In 1948, she married actor Ossie Davis, with whom she appeared in everything from Shakespeare to TV margarine commercials. Though she and Davis were both uncredited in their joint film debut, 1950's No Way Out, Dee achieved second billing in her next feature, The Jackie Robinson Story (1950). Among her favorite stage roles were Ruth Younger in Lorraine Hansberry's A Raisin in the Sun, and Luttiebelle in her husband Ossie Davis' play Purlie Victorious, roles that she would commit to film in 1961 and 1963 respectively. On TV, Dee was a regular on The Guiding Light, Roots: The Next Generations, and The Middle Ages; Dee worked steadily throughout the 1970s, '80s, dividing her time more or less equally between television [with turns in such small-screen movies as The Atlanta Child Murders (1981), The Court-Martial of Jackie Robinson (1990) and the 1990 Decoration Day, for which she won an Emmy] and the big screen, where her credits included the features Cat People (1982), Cop and a Half (1993) and A Simple Wish (1997). Dee received a career resurgence thanks to her prominent enlistment in the features of Spike Lee (alongside Davis), notably Do the Right Thing (1989) and Jungle Fever (1991). As time rolled on, she also began to participate in documentaries, such as the 1998 Christianity: The First Thousand Years and the 1999 Smithsonian World: Nigerian Art - Kindred Spirits); made guest appearances in such prime-time series as Touched by an Angel; and essayed a prominent role opposite Halle Berry in the telemovie Oprah Winfrey Presents: Their Eyes Were Watching God (2005). She continued to work steadily after Davis's death in early 2005, and in fact received her first Best Supporting Actress Oscar Nomination for her role in Ridley Scott's period crime saga American Gangster (2007). In 2011 she participated in Sing Your Song, a well-received biography of Harry Belafonte from HBO. In addition to her acting credits, Ruby Dee was an accomplished writer; she contributed a weekly column to New York's Amsterdam News, co-authored the script for the 1967 film Up Tight!, penned the 1975 TV play Twin-Bit Gardens, and published a book of poetry, Glowchild (1972).Dee died of natural causes in June 2014 at age 91.

Trivia: Jamaican-born Frank Silvera attended Northeastern Law School before inaugurating his acting career. One of the few black actors of the 1950s who was able to avoid being typecast by the color of his skin, Silvera played a wide variety of ethnic types, from Latin to Middle Eastern to Oriental. He made his film bow in 1952's Viva Zapata, and shortly thereafter was prominently cast in two of Stanley Kubrick's seminal films, Fear and Desire (1953) and Killer's Kiss (1955). Silvera was founder of The Theatre of Being, which was devoted to helping young African-American actors get started in show business; he also directed several stage plays in New York and Los Angeles. Frank Silvera was electrocuted in his home at the age of 56, while trying to repair an electrical appliance. At the time of his death, he was a regular on the TV series The High Chapparal.

Trivia: Roscoe Lee Browne was already an internationally famous track star when he attended Vermont's Middlebury College and Columbia University. Browne taught comparative literature and French at Pennsylvania's Lincoln University before turning to acting in 1956. Refusing to limit himself to the subservient roles generally assigned to black actors in the 1950s, Browne established himself in the classics, beginning with his inaugural stage appearance in a New York Shakespeare Festival staging of Julius Caesar. He later appeared in such highly regarded New York theatrical productions as The Blacks and Brecht on Brecht. From his first film appearance in Shirley Clarke's The Connection (1962) onward, Browne projected a commanding, authoritative presence, even when playing "hired help" characters like camp cook Jedediah Nightlinger in The Cowboys (1972). His series-TV credits include the roles of Saunders on Soap (1980-1981 season) and Rosemont on Falcon Crest (1988-1989 season). Having never let a year go by without at least one theatrical engagement, Browne won a Tony award for his work in the 1992 production 2 Trains Running. Outside of his performing activities, Roscoe Lee Browne is an accomplished poet, short-story author, playwright, director, and musical arranger.

Trivia: African American actress Janet MacLachlan began appearing in films in 1968, usually in such "relevance"-oriented productions as Uptight (1968) and tick...tick...tick (1970). MacLachlan went on to co-star on TV as suburbanite Jackie Bruce in the weekly sitcom Love Thy Neighbor, then was seen in the 1979 TVer Friends as Mrs. Jane Summerfield. Her best-known TV role was as caustic housekeeper Polly Swanson in the 1980-81 episodes of Archie Bunker's Place. Janet MacLachlan's 1990s credits include character roles in the theatrical feature Hearts and Souls (1993) and the made-for-cable movie Tuskegee Airmen (1995).

Trivia: African-American actress Juanita Moore entered films in the early '50s, a time in which few black actresses were given much to do in major-studio films. Fortunately, Juanita's roles began improving as Hollywood tentatively developed a social consciousness toward the end of the decade. In 1959, she received an Academy Award nomination for her performance in Imitation of Life (1959), a glossy updating of a once-controversial Fannie Hurst novel about racial inequity. Within the next decade Hollywood underwent several sociological upheavals, and Juanita Moore was one of the beneficiaries; she became a fixture of such black-oriented films of the '70s as Uptight (1969), Thomasine and Bushrod (1974) and Abby (1974). She continued to work sporatically through the 1980s and '90s, appearing as a grandmother in Disney's The Kid (2000) and in an episode of Judging Amy in 2001. Moore died in 2014 at age 99.

Trivia: African-American supporting actor, onscreen from the 60s.'

Trivia: Like many African-American actors of the '60s, Ji-Tu Cumbuka unfortunately found the demand for his services limited until black performers became "fashionable." Active in films since 1967, Cumbuka appeared in such productions as Uptight (1968), Mandingo (1975), Bound for Glory (1976), Fun with Dick and Jane (1977) and Brewster's Millions (1985). The actor also did plenty of TV, including the 1977 miniseries Roots (as "The Wrestler") and the unsold 1979 pilot for Mandrake the Magician, wherein he played Mandrake's muscular assistant Lothar. Among the "sold" TV series featuring Ji-Tu Cumbuka were Young Dan'l Boone (1977) and Robert Conrad's A Man Called Sloane (1979). Cumbuka died in 2017, at age 77.

Trivia: African-American stage and film actor Robert Do Qui was first seen by televiewers on a weekly basis as Detective Cliff Sims in Felony Squad (1968-1969). Do Qui has worked extensively with director Robert Altman, most prominently as the sympathetic nightclub manager in Nashville (1975). In the 1980s and 1990s, he became familiar to action fans as Sgt. Reed in the three Robocop flicks. In addition to his many acting credits, Robert Do Qui served several terms as an officer of the Screen Actors Guild. He died at age 74 in 2008.

Trivia: African American actor James McEachin was a stage actor until signed to a Universal contract in the mid-1960s. Though relatively young, McEachin projected a middle-aged, "solid citizen" image that perfectly suited his title character in the Universal television series Tenafly (1973). McEachin was cast as private eye and loyal family man Harry Tenafly, one of the few TV detectives who relied more on brains than movie-star charisma. Since that time, James McEachin has usually been cast as a cop; he played Sergeant (and later Lieutenant) Brock on virtually every Perry Mason TV movie of the 1980s and 1990s-a notable exception being the 1987 entry The Case of the Scandalous Scoundrel, in which he was cast as "Harry Forbes."

Trivia: Black character actor, onscreen from the '70s.

Trivia: Alan Oppenheimer is one of the busiest of that breed of character actors who so expertly blend into the roles they're playing that they don't seem to be acting at all. Generally cast in "management" roles in films (the chief supervisor in 1973's Westworld, for example), Oppenheimer has also been a regular or semi-regular on several TV series. He was Dr. Rudy Wells during the first season of The Six Million Dollar Man (1974-75) ex-gangster Sheldon Leonard's brother Jessie on Big Eddie (1975), Captain Finnerty on Eischeid (1979-83) and Ben Brookstone on Home Free (1993), and was seen on an occasional basis as Dr. Raymond Auerbach on Murder She Wrote and network president Eugene Kinsella on Murphy Brown. Alan Oppenheimer's most lasting legacy rests in his innumerable cartoon voiceovers for Hanna-Barbera, Filmation, Disney and other studios: He was heard as Ming the Merciless on New Adventures of Flash Gordon (1979), Sidney Merciless in the "Shake Rattle and Roll" component of CB Bears (1977), Mighty Mouse in The New Adventures of Mighty Mouse and Heckle and Jeckle (1979 Filmation version), Big D on The Drak Pack (1980), Tawky Tawney and Uncle Dudley in Kid Super Power Hour with Shazam (1981), Vanity on The Smurfs (1981-90), Sheriff Pudge on The Trollkins (1981), Skeletor in He-Man and the Masters of the Universe (1983), the King of Gummadon in Disney's Adventures of the Gummi Bears (1985), Colonel Trautman in Rambo (1986), Pa Kent on Superman (1988 Ruby-Spears version), Merlin in The Legend of Prince Valiant (1991), and so many others.